In China, Xiangya had a century-long history and has written about half of the history of Western medicine and medical education in China.
In the ranking of 2014-2015 university disciplines for medical disciplines published in May of this year, Central South University ranks first in the country in terms of “clinical medicine”, and it does not lose its reputation as “southern Xiangya”.
From May 24th to 25th this year, in the 5th National Collegiate Skills Competition for Undergraduate Students of Medical Colleges, the Central South University team consisting of Chen Yali, Yuan Jingjing, Long Ze, and Cao Xu won a special prize to realize this competition. The "three consecutive championships" are again showing a magnificent Xiangya style. This is the only medical competition project implemented by the Ministry of Education throughout the country and represents the highest level of clinical practice skills for Chinese medical college students. It is known as the "Olympic" for medical students. Under the organization and guidance of Central South University, the team, selection and training of this contestant are solely responsible forthe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.
As a teaching hospital of Central South University, the Third Xiangya Hospital boldly experimented with medical education reform and established a complete set of medical education from undergraduate, master, doctoral, postdoctoral, and international students after more than 20 years of hard work. The personnel training system has trained more than 10,000 medical senior professionals for the country since 1992 and has formed a clinical teaching model focusing on “clinical skills, practical education, translation teaching, and international perspective”.
Just as the Xiangya Medical School was established a hundred years ago, the author walked into this young “national team” and analyzed the achievements behind this impressive achievement. The hospital has cultivated a reform and innovation path for high-quality medical personnel.
The National Clinical Skills Training Center sets up a "main battlefield" for clinical skills teaching.There is one place, not a dormitory, a cafeteria, a football field or a garden trail, but it is one of the “holy sites” that medical students love to visit.
Asked several students, the author attracted to find the Third Xiangya Hospital clinical skills training center. This is a place with a total area of about 1,500 square meters. It houses various mannequins that can simulate all the symptoms, touches, and sounds of people with tears, tears, etc.; has cardiac, lung, abdominal auscultation, multimedia systems for palpation, and simulation of wards. Facilities such as a simulated operating room are readily available.
"Do not underestimate this place. This is an educational version of a small hospital." Lu Jiexiang, former Party Secretary and Clinical Skills Training Center of the Third Xiangya Hospital, was full of emotions here. He said that medical students will shoulder the responsibility of treating illness and saving people in the future, and medical education will not allow any slack.
However, with the promulgation and implementation of medical and teaching laws and regulations such as the “Practicing Doctors Law” and “Provisional Regulations on the Management of Clinical Education Clinical Practice”, the bedside teaching in the past was the main mode of clinical teaching and faced with moral, ethical and legal issues. Gradually, the traditional teaching model of clinical skills has been greatly challenged.
With the advancement of science and technology, advanced simulation technology has gradually been introduced into the field of medical education, and medical educators have embarked on a new journey of clinical teaching reform.
In 2006, under the organization of the school, the resources of the affiliated hospitals were integrated and the Third Xiangya Hospital took the lead in establishing the “Clinical Skills Training Center of Central South University”. In 2008, the center successfully passed the acceptance of the Ministry of Education and became one of the first seven national demonstration centers for clinical skills experiment teaching.
The center has built a bridge between theoretical book knowledge and real patients. With facilities worth more than 10 million yuan, digital simulation and bio-simulation technology is introduced. Students can carry out continuous training from the collection of medical history, physical examination, use of diagnostic auxiliary examinations, and medical decision-making, effectively solving the physical training in medical clinical skills training. , non-repeatable operation and other problems. There is also a set of "video playback system", through the teacher demonstration, student operation, video playback, teacher explanation, student rehearsal and other skill training modes to improve the training quality and efficiency.
In order to make the training of students not subject to time constraints, the center has established a complete set of access control, monitoring and attendance systems, which can be reserved online so that all training rooms can be truly open day and night. Students can contact free practice, and the Ministry of Education also assigns teachers to use the Saturday and Sunday evenings to coach students.
This is the “main battlefield” for clinical skills teaching, and it is also the “main position” for preparing for the National Collegiate Students Clinical Skills Contest. It has soaked the sweat of 4 participating students and the hard work of 32 training teachers.The competition covers a wide range of specialties, including internal and external, women, children, eyes, ear, nose, throat, skin, emergency, infection, and care, involving 128 test items and their extensions.
“They learned during the day and secretly practiced one or two in the morning at night.” Tang Xiaohong, the head coach of the Central National University Student Clinical Skills Contest at the 5th National Collegiate Student Skills Contest, said that through the repeated practice of the test project, students’ ability and quality have been fully sublimated.. A tourniquet dressing action was shortened from 7-8 seconds to 2 seconds; in the game, Longze's cordial and gentle attitude, Cao Xu Hongliang, clear, strong rhythm sound, Chen Yali's stable psychological quality, Yuan Jingjing meticulous, standardized and skilled The clinical operations have left a deep impression on the people present and the praises are endless.
Students work hard and side by side with the careful guidance and hard work of training teachers. The Nursing Department teacher Huang Hui prepared some training materials. Mr. Lin Kehua stayed up until two or three in the morning to prepare courseware for everyone. Orthopedic Miao Jinglei, the head of the surgical team, was also particularly worried. The teacher, Nie Hualin, had surgery on her own without forgetting about teaching...
The selfless dedication and professionalism of these teachers made the students make greater efforts.As the saying goes: “The teacher must give the student a drop of water and he must have a bucket of water himself.” The overall quality of the university faculty directly determines the teaching level and quality of the school. It is understood that among the full-time teachers in the 2012-2013 school year, the proportion of senior professional titles is 70%, and the proportion of full-time teachers is 53%. There are 10 "Xiangya doctors," "Thousand Talents Planners," 2 people, and "Yangtze River Scholars." There are 1 people, 1 National Youth, and 3 New Century Excellent Talents of the Ministry of Education. We actively responded to the policy of a professor from Central South University to embark on the podium. The teaching rate of professors and associate professors reached 100%.
In 2010, the hospital integrated the "Clinical Skills Experiment" course of more than ten courses including internal,external, gynaecology and obstetrics, paediatrics, and diseases, and was rated as a national-level exquisite course. On this basis, Prof. Shen Shourong, the editor of the Center, together with more than ten colleges and universities in the country, jointly compiled the "Clinical Skills" textbook, which was included in the national "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" textbook.
To improve the quality of practical teaching by using the "National University Students Extracurricular Practice Education Base" as a platform .When talking about the reasons for good results, Long Ze and four other students thanked the school teachers. They said that the teacher's illustrated courseware, lively explanations, made the boring medical theory knowledge interesting, the strict requirements in clinical practice, and laid a solid foundation for them to enter the hospital internship, even in the national skills contest.
With the economic and social development and the change of the medical environment, doctors are required to have a good professional knowledge and humanistic spirit, a solid basic theory and professional knowledge, as well as skilled clinical analysis and problem-solving capabilities. Based on the school's teaching plan, the hospital has established a practical teaching system that focuses on the cultivation of students' ability.
From medical students to doctors, practice is the best teacher. In 2013, the Third Xiangya Hospital was approved by the Ministry of Education in 2013 "undergraduate teaching project" national college students outside the practice education base construction project, the central government allocated 2 million yuan to fund the project construction.
Huang Feizhou, deputy dean of the Third Xiangya Hospital, believes that practical medical personnel with a general health concept is the need to adapt to the new situation of national medical reform. As a result, the hospital established a hierarchical network of extracurricular practice bases and established a three-tiered platform of “three affiliated hospitals—municipal hospitals—community hospitals” to realize remote monitoring, distance learning, and resource sharing, forming an early contact for training medical students to clinical, early contact with social practice, and early contact with scientific research "threeearly contact" courses to improve the quality of clinical practice teaching.
As a large-scale public teaching hospital, the hospital also focuses on the grass-roots level, and has successively become the training base for the resident of the Ministry of Health and the training base for general practitioners of the Ministry of Health to deliver medical talents for urban and rural medical institutions.
In 2004, Xiangya Third Hospital became the first hospital in Hunan Province to develop socialized residents. Through the hospital's rigorously trained and qualified resident doctors, they can quickly become independent in their clinical posts and are widely welcomed by employers. The ten-year exploration of the hospital also provided an important basis for the resident physician training policy system in China.
The hospital requires each student to engage in two weeks of community health service training during the clinical practice period. By participating in the community's “six in one” health service, the basic knowledge and skills of clinical medicine and community medicine are combined, and each student is internship. The former concentrated apprentice also joined the "How to correctly handle the doctor-patient relationship, the operation of the HIS system" and so on.
"A case requires not only the operation of skills, but also what kind of operations you should be skillful to do." Longze once thought himself with great skills, but lost to his classmates in a school competition. What touched him was that the classmate persisted in the final and successfully saved an emergency “patient” to win the championship. This allowed him to change the mistaken view that "as long as the skill is done." He said that the operation is never isolated, and it requires clinical thinking to "chain" it.
medical transformation teaching center, the "bridge" between "clinic - scientific research - clinical".According to statistics, more than half of the Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine has been awarded to doctors who are committed to scientific research. The advantage of doctors in scientific research is that they have a deeper understanding of clinical problems, and are more conducive to the transformation from the bedside to the laboratory and then back to the bedside.
“Innovation is the core competence of doctors, and the ability to innovate is the most important ability in medical students' comprehensive ability.” Luo Aijing, party secretary of Xiangya Third Hospital believes that in the face of various diseases that affect human health, it is necessary to carry out quality, efficiency, and cheap treatment, which requires medical education to be based on innovative education as the basic concept and actively cultivate high-level medical personnel with innovative spirit and ability to develop new challenges.
However, the traditional "duck-feeding" education approach focuses on the transfer of existing knowledge. Students passively memorize existing knowledge and answers written by teachers, but neglect the search for new knowledge. Students do not have the scientific research ideas and atmosphere to solve clinical problems with basic research methods, and their ability to innovate is insufficient.
How can students be willing and easy to get opportunities to come to the laboratory, make hypotheses and verify their own hypotheses, and cultivate innovative scientific thinking?
Under the unified leadership and deployment of Central South University,the Third Xiangya Hospital built a medical transformation teaching platform earlier in the country and took the lead in formulating the “Central South University Medical Undergraduate Transformational Teaching Center” construction plan, which was constructed in accordance with the standards of the National Teaching Demonstration Center. The platform relies on the Third Xiangya Hospital, integrated basic medical school, biological science and technology college and pharmacy school and other related disciplines to form high-quality teaching resources and meet the needs of clinical and basic integration teaching cross-departmental, interdisciplinary,transdisciplinaryschool level Medical teaching center.
The top medical schools are not technical schools. The important thing is to provide platforms and nourishment potential. In addition to the systematic clinical knowledge and skills training,they inspire wisdom and ideas, cultivate solid foundations, have a wide field of vision, sharp thinking, can actively discover problems, analyze problems and solve problems. Problems of innovative medical talents.
Xiang Zhongsan, director of the Department of Academic Affairs of the Third Xiangya Hospital, introduced a course entitled “Comprehensive Discussion Based on Clinical Cases” for this hospital. For example, the observation of gastric pathogenicity by Helicobacter pylori, the clinical and mechanistic studies of antibiotic-resistance bacterial resistance, and other common and typical medical problems are transformational teaching center laboratory settings and experimental projects .
Wu Jinze was deeply impressed by this. She said: “The past studies have been dealing with exams, and the process of passive thinking has been the majority; while scientific research requires active thinking and only accumulates experience in negative results again and again to find a way out. ”.
Another advantage is that teachers and students promote each other and both have a good education. With the changes in the diseases and the rapid development of medical science, students encounter some problems in the clinic, which can also give teachers some thoughts and research enlightenment. Everyone finds problems in the clinic, asks questions, answers questions through scientific research, and solves problems through translational medicine.
Since 2008, the hospital has invested about 2 million yuan each year for innovative training of medical students, exchanges at home and abroad, and various innovative planning projects. Every school year, new students are invited to visit the school's innovation and practice education base, and voluntary registration is used to organize students to participate in various kinds of innovative exhibitions and lectures throughout the country. Students were actively involved in applying for innovative projects. In 2013, nine university student innovation projects including national innovation projects and undergraduate free exploration projects were organized.
On June 24, 2013, the “2013 Xiangya-Yale International Forum on Clinical and Transform Medicine” was held at the Third Xiangya Hospital. In accordance with the agreement, the two parties regularly carry out academic exchanges, appoint professionals to exchange and study, co-organize seminars on clinical transform medicine, collaborate on the preparation of Chinese version of clinicaltransformmedical management training materials, and jointly carry out key researches on clinical and transform medicine, and strive to integrate the Third Xiangya hospital to one of Yale University's training bases in China.
“Eight-yearProgramMedical Students Cultivate” Educational Reform to Train Medical Talents with International Perspective.“In the beginning, we had to learn basic courses in chemistry, physics, and information. At that time, maybe it was a waste of time. But today, it really benefits a lot!” Xu Hongbo is the third term of graduated Xiangya eight-year program student. Stayed in general surgery at the Third Xiangya Hospital. From these "eight-year program medical students", we can get more answers.
“The innovative changes in medicine all rely on the intersection of disciplines, such as 3D printing, big data, etc., which are at the forefront of medical development. All the basic courses that have been learned before come in handy,” said Xu Hongbo. Different from the five-year and seven-year programs, the eight-year medical students must independently choose the basic courses of chemistry, physics, and information in the first and second academic years. The resulting advantage is that accepting new technologies is fast.
"Medical education is elite education. We must adhere to international standards. This is also the mission and responsibilities our country entrusts to us." Chen Fangping, president of the Third Xiangya Hospital, believes that the educational goal and training orientation of the eight-year program medical students is the future of medicine. Leading talent to cultivate elites in the elite.
In 2004, Central South University became the first school in China to open eight-year program teaching system for medical education. In the eight-year program medical students training stage, mathematical and physical knowledge, basic medical knowledge, clinical medical theory knowledge, intensified clinical skills training, passed the examination of practicing physicians, and passed the training of residents are all teaching links and learning contents.
In order to open up the students' international vision, in 2012, the Third Xiangya Hospital decided to send and fully subsidize the eight-year outstanding medical students to the University of Pittsburgh and other foreign famous universities for a two-year exchange study. Tuition and living expenses were borne by the hospital. As of this year, the school has sent 24 students to go abroad and the first 5 students returned to the Third Xiangya Hospital for clinical, scientific research and teaching work. Xu Hongbo is one of the 5 lucky ones.
Xiangya students subverted American professors' previous views on Chinese medical students as having "a knowledgeable, hands-on ability" and were highly valued.
In April 2014, the University of Pittsburgh held the first “Sino-University-Pittsburgh University eight-year program joint training program for clinical medicine” graduation ceremony. Professor Levine, dean of the medical school, said that the third batch of eight-year program students studying at the University of Pittsburgh will be expanded to 10, the joint training agreement will also be renewed until 2020.
In order to follow the development trend of international medical education, the hospital vigorously implemented the talent project. The Ministry of Human Resources also set up a special "returning school for overseas students". From 2010, each year, about 20 key talents are selected and financed to study and learn in developed countries and regions. At present, there are altogether hundreds of foreign students studying and studying abroad, and a high-quality teaching staff has been established, laying a solid foundation for training medical talent with an international perspective.
The young Third Xiangya Hospital is a vigorous new branch of the century-old tree of Xiangya that is full of vigor and vitality. She used the wings of an angel to train a group of high-quality medical talents, guarding the health of the people and developing the medical cause of the motherland.
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